See etic on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*bʰeh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_speak"
],
[
"φωνή",
"φωνή#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic_present"
],
[
"*-eyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eyéti#Proto-Indo-European:_denominative"
],
[
"*-esyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-esyéti#Proto-Indo-European:_denominative"
],
[
"*-éh₁ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁ti"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti"
],
[
"*-éh₁yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_verb"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_causative_suffix"
],
[
"-έω",
"-έω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"φωνέω",
"φωνέω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
],
[
"-τῐς",
"-τις#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-σῐς",
"-σις#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-tós"
],
[
"-τος",
"-τος#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-τικός",
"-τικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"φωνητῐκός",
"φωνητικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"phōnēticus",
"phoneticus#Latin"
],
[
"phonetic",
"phonetic#English"
],
[
"denominative",
"denominative"
],
[
"phonetic",
"phonetic#English"
],
[
"Kenneth Lee Pike",
"w:Kenneth Lee Pike"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clip",
"3": "phonetic",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to speak, produce a sound\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"sound\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*pʰōnā́\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"speak\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνή\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic present\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eyéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-esyéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verb\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"causative suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"forming verbs\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-έω\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"denominative verbal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνέω\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-σῐς\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-kos<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-kos<id:adjectives>>>\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τικός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνητῐκός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"phōnēticus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"phonetic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"etic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"etic\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Kenneth Pike",
"in": "1954",
"nat": "American",
"occ": "linguist"
},
"expansion": "Coined by American linguist Kenneth Pike in 1954",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clip",
"3": "phonetic",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic\nCoined by American linguist Kenneth Pike in 1954 from phonetic.\n* Kenneth Lee Pike (1962), With Heart and Mind: A Personal Synthesis of Scholarship and Devotion, page 37: “I have coined the term etic to refer to the detached observer’s view […]”",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more etic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most etic",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "etic (comparative more etic, superlative most etic)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"e",
"tic"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anthropology",
"orig": "en:Anthropology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Social sciences",
"orig": "en:Social sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "emic"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "etically"
},
{
"word": "eticness"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
28
],
[
29,
33
],
[
201,
205
],
[
370,
374
]
],
"ref": "1996, Advanced Methodological Issues in Culturally Competent Evaluation for Substance Abuse Prevention:",
"text": "A useful example of the emic-etic distinction may be made by comparing the concept “waves on the ocean or sea” from the perspective of a European American with that of a Truk Islander […] The proposed etics here might be that both cultures understand the use of waves as vehicles for surfing and as movement reflecting the transfer of energy […] certain differences, or emics exist, for European Americans the waves may be sources of beauty — the Truk Islander has learned to use them […] as a road map.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to analysis of a culture from a perspective situated outside that culture."
],
"id": "en-etic-en-adj-Q9QW9SNc",
"links": [
[
"social science",
"social science"
],
[
"anthropology",
"anthropology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(social sciences, anthropology) Of or pertaining to analysis of a culture from a perspective situated outside that culture."
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"social-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ètic"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etisch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "itikós",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ητικός"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etyczny"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ético"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etig"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛtɪk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtɪk"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nhn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "etic",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nhn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy"
],
"id": "en-etic-nhn-adj-ItWSXtZG",
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/etiːk/"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ətiik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Nahuan/ətiik"
],
[
"*pïttiya",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Uto-Aztecan/pïttiya"
],
[
"putu",
"putu#Hopi"
],
[
"ve꞉c",
"ve꞉c#O'odham"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "azc-nah-pro",
"3": "*ətiik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nahuan *ətiik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "azc-pro",
"3": "*pïttiya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pïttiya",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hop",
"2": "putu",
"3": "",
"4": "heavy"
},
"expansion": "Hopi putu (“heavy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ood",
"2": "ve꞉c"
},
"expansion": "O'odham ve꞉c",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Nahuan *ətiik, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pïttiya.\nCognate with Hopi putu (“heavy”) and O'odham ve꞉c.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "etic",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"heavy"
],
"id": "en-etic-nci-adj-ItWSXtZG",
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/etiːk/"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ἔθος",
"ἔθος#Ancient_Greek:_habit"
],
[
"ἦθος",
"ἦθος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-ῐκός",
"-ικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ἠθικός",
"ἠθικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ethicus",
"ethicus#Latin"
],
[
"éthique",
"éthique#French"
],
[
"éthique",
"éthique#French"
],
[
"ethicus",
"ethicus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:éthique",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"character; moral nature\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"habit\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἔθος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἦθος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐκός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἠθικός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ethicus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"éthique\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"etic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"etic\">\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:éthique",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "etică",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etici",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "etic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etică",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etica",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "etic m or n (feminine singular etică, masculine plural etici, feminine/neuter plural etice)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ethic"
],
"id": "en-etic-ro-adj-kluXnWVk",
"links": [
[
"ethic",
"ethic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nhn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "etic",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nhn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Central Nahuatl adjectives",
"Central Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"Central Nahuatl lemmas",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"heavy"
],
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/etiːk/"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ətiik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Nahuan/ətiik"
],
[
"*pïttiya",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Uto-Aztecan/pïttiya"
],
[
"putu",
"putu#Hopi"
],
[
"ve꞉c",
"ve꞉c#O'odham"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "azc-nah-pro",
"3": "*ətiik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nahuan *ətiik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "azc-pro",
"3": "*pïttiya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pïttiya",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hop",
"2": "putu",
"3": "",
"4": "heavy"
},
"expansion": "Hopi putu (“heavy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ood",
"2": "ve꞉c"
},
"expansion": "O'odham ve꞉c",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Nahuan *ətiik, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pïttiya.\nCognate with Hopi putu (“heavy”) and O'odham ve꞉c.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "etic",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Classical Nahuatl adjectives",
"Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"Classical Nahuatl lemmas",
"Classical Nahuatl terms derived from Proto-Nahuan",
"Classical Nahuatl terms derived from Proto-Uto-Aztecan",
"Classical Nahuatl terms inherited from Proto-Nahuan",
"Classical Nahuatl terms inherited from Proto-Uto-Aztecan",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"heavy"
],
"links": [
[
"heavy",
"heavy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/etiːk/"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "etically"
},
{
"word": "eticness"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*bʰeh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-#Proto-Indo-European:_speak"
],
[
"φωνή",
"φωνή#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic_present"
],
[
"*-eyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eyéti#Proto-Indo-European:_denominative"
],
[
"*-esyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-esyéti#Proto-Indo-European:_denominative"
],
[
"*-éh₁ti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁ti"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti"
],
[
"*-éh₁yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₁yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_verb"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*-éyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_causative_suffix"
],
[
"-έω",
"-έω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"φωνέω",
"φωνέω#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis#Proto-Indo-European:_action_nouns"
],
[
"-τῐς",
"-τις#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-σῐς",
"-σις#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_nouns"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-tós"
],
[
"-τος",
"-τος#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek:_adjectives"
],
[
"-τικός",
"-τικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"φωνητῐκός",
"φωνητικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"phōnēticus",
"phoneticus#Latin"
],
[
"phonetic",
"phonetic#English"
],
[
"denominative",
"denominative"
],
[
"phonetic",
"phonetic#English"
],
[
"Kenneth Lee Pike",
"w:Kenneth Lee Pike"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clip",
"3": "phonetic",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic\n[Appendix:Glossary#clipping|Clipping]] of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"to speak, produce a sound\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"sound\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*pʰōnā́\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"speak\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰeh₂-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνή\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic present\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eyéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-esyéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verb\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"causative suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"forming verbs\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-έω\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"denominative verbal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνέω\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"action nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τῐς\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-σῐς\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-kos<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-kos<id:adjectives>>>\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-τικός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"φωνητῐκός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"phōnēticus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"phonetic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"clipping\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"etic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"etic\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Kenneth Pike",
"in": "1954",
"nat": "American",
"occ": "linguist"
},
"expansion": "Coined by American linguist Kenneth Pike in 1954",
"name": "coin"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":clip",
"3": "phonetic",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-der.\nProto-Hellenic *pʰōnā́\nAncient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ)\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *-eyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-esyéti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éyeti\nAncient Greek -έω (-éō)\nAncient Greek φωνέω (phōnéō)\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Hellenic *-tis\nAncient Greek -τῐς (-tĭs)\nAncient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Hellenic *-tós\nAncient Greek -τος (-tos)\n▲\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\n?\nAncient Greek -τικός (-tikós)\nAncient Greek φωνητῐκός (phōnētĭkós)der.\nLatin phōnēticusbor.\nEnglish phoneticclip.\nEnglish etic\nCoined by American linguist Kenneth Pike in 1954 from phonetic.\n* Kenneth Lee Pike (1962), With Heart and Mind: A Personal Synthesis of Scholarship and Devotion, page 37: “I have coined the term etic to refer to the detached observer’s view […]”",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more etic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most etic",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "etic (comparative more etic, superlative most etic)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"e",
"tic"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English clippings",
"English coinages",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms coined by Kenneth Pike",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- (speak)",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtɪk/2 syllables",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Anthropology",
"en:Social sciences"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "emic"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
28
],
[
29,
33
],
[
201,
205
],
[
370,
374
]
],
"ref": "1996, Advanced Methodological Issues in Culturally Competent Evaluation for Substance Abuse Prevention:",
"text": "A useful example of the emic-etic distinction may be made by comparing the concept “waves on the ocean or sea” from the perspective of a European American with that of a Truk Islander […] The proposed etics here might be that both cultures understand the use of waves as vehicles for surfing and as movement reflecting the transfer of energy […] certain differences, or emics exist, for European Americans the waves may be sources of beauty — the Truk Islander has learned to use them […] as a road map.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to analysis of a culture from a perspective situated outside that culture."
],
"links": [
[
"social science",
"social science"
],
[
"anthropology",
"anthropology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(social sciences, anthropology) Of or pertaining to analysis of a culture from a perspective situated outside that culture."
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"social-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛtɪk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtɪk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ètic"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etisch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "itikós",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ητικός"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etyczny"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "ético"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "analyzing a culture from outside",
"word": "etig"
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ἔθος",
"ἔθος#Ancient_Greek:_habit"
],
[
"ἦθος",
"ἦθος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-kos"
],
[
"-κός",
"-κός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"-ῐκός",
"-ικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ἠθικός",
"ἠθικός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"ethicus",
"ethicus#Latin"
],
[
"éthique",
"éthique#French"
],
[
"éthique",
"éthique#French"
],
[
"ethicus",
"ethicus#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:éthique",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"character; moral nature\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"habit\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἔθος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἦθος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-κός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐκός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ἠθικός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ethicus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"éthique\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"etic\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"etic\">\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:éthique",
"text": "2",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἔθος (éthos)\nAncient Greek ἦθος (êthos)\nProto-Indo-European *-kos\nProto-Hellenic *-kos\nAncient Greek -κός (-kós)\nAncient Greek -ῐκός (-ĭkós)\nAncient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós)bor.\nLatin ethicusder.\nFrench éthiquebor.\nRomanian etic\nBorrowed from French éthique, from Latin ethicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "etică",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etici",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "etic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etică",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "etica",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "etice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eticilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eticelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "etic m or n (feminine singular etică, masculine plural etici, feminine/neuter plural etice)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"ethic"
],
"links": [
[
"ethic",
"ethic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "etic"
}
Download raw JSONL data for etic meaning in All languages combined (23.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"etic"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "etic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"etic"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "etic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"etic"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "etic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"etic"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "etic",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.